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USS ''Oklahoma'' (BB-37) was a built by the New York Shipbuilding Corporation for the United States Navy in the 1910s. The ''Nevada'' class were the first super-dreadnoughts and oil-burning ships in the United States Navy. ''Oklahoma'' was the only US warship ever named for the 46th state. ''Oklahoma'', commissioned in 1916, served in World War I as a member of Battleship Division 6, protecting Allied convoys on their way across the Atlantic. After the war, she served in both the United States Battle Fleet and Scouting Fleet. ''Oklahoma'' was modernized between 1927 and 1929. In 1936, she rescued American citizens and refugees from the Spanish Civil War. On returning to the West coast in August of the same year, ''Oklahoma'' spent the rest of her service in the Pacific. On December 7, 1941, ''Oklahoma'' was sunk by several torpedoes during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. A total of 429 crew died when she capsized in Battleship Row. In 1943 ''Oklahoma'' was righted and salvaged. However, unlike most of the other battleships that were recovered following Pearl Harbor, ''Oklahoma'' was too damaged to return to duty. She was eventually stripped of her remaining armaments and superstructure before being sold for scrap in 1946. She sank in a storm while being towed from Oahu in Hawaii to a breakers yard in San Francisco Bay in 1947. == Design == (詳細はarmored cruisers ordered by the United States Navy between 1900 and 1911. The ''Nevada'' class were the first of the US Navy's Standard type battleships, of which 12 were completed by 1923. With these ships, the Navy created a fleet of modern battleships similar in long-range gunnery, speed, turning radius, and protection. However, significant improvements were made in the Standard type ships as naval technology progressed. The main innovations were triple turrets and all-or-nothing protection. The triple turrets reduced the length of the ship that needed protection by placing 10 guns in four turrets instead of five, thus allowing thicker armor. The ''Nevada''s were also the first US battleships with oil-fired instead of coal-fired boilers, oil having more recoverable energy per ton than coal, thus increasing the ships' range. ''Oklahoma'' differed from ''Nevada'' in being fitted with triple expansion steam engines, a much older design than ''Nevadas new geared turbines. Some earlier battleships had been fitted with direct drive turbines, which had poor fuel economy and thus reduced range compared with triple expansion. The goal was to compare the new geared machinery with the proven reciprocating machinery to determine which was more economical. The geared turbines proved more cost economical and were fitted in most subsequent US battleships, except those with turbo-electric propulsion. As constructed, she had a standard displacement of and a full-load displacement of . She was in length overall, at the waterline, and had a beam of and a draft of . She was powered by 12 oil-fired Babcock & Wilcox boilers driving two dual-acting triple expansion reciprocating steam engines, with , with a maximum speed of . She had a designed range of at . As-built armor on ''Oklahoma'' consisted of belt armor from thick. Deck armor was thick with a second deck, and turret armor was or on the face, on the top, on the sides, and on the rear. Armor on her barbettes was 13.5 inches. Her conning tower was protected by 16 inches of armor, with of armor on its roof. Her armament consisted of ten s, arranged in two triple and two twin mounts designated 'A', 'B', 'X', and 'Y'. As built, she also carried 21 s, primarily for defense against destroyers and torpedo boats. She also had two (some references say four) torpedo tubes for the Bliss-Leavitt Mark 3 torpedo. Her crew consisted of 864 officers and enlisted men. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「USS Oklahoma (BB-37)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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